SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTIBACTERIAL EVALUATION OF NICKEL-CONTAINING BIOGENIC ORGANIC COMPOSITE DERIVED FROM ORANGE PEEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62985/j.huit_ojs.vol26.no1E.332Keywords:
orange peel, natural extract, antibacterial activity, biogenic organic, composite, nickelAbstract
This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of a nickel-containing biogenic organic composite (NBOH) material using orange peel extract. Given the limited research on the use of Ni²⁺ ions in the formation of metal–biogenic organic networks, this work aims to expand the understanding of Ni-organic networks produced under mild reaction conditions. The composite was characterized by SEM-EDS, XPS, and XRD, and its antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar diffusion method. SEM micrographs display irregular, loosely packed flake‑like, blocky aggregates with rough surfaces, consistent with a fluffy, dispersed morphology as observed visually. The EDX analysis revealed the presence of C, O, and Ni as principal components with elemental weight percentages of C (31.04%), O (33.25%), and Ni (31.92%). According to XRD analysis, NBOH was predominantly amorphous, as demonstrated by a broad diffraction peak in the 2θ range of 20–45° without sharp reflections. The antibacterial tests revealed that NBOH exhibited significantly enhanced inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (a Gram-positive bacterium) and Escherichia coli (a Gram-negative bacterium), with inhibition zones over twice as large as those of the nickel salt solution. Meanwhile, the crude orange peel extract showed no antibacterial activity. These findings underscore the contribution of this synthesis strategy to advancing sustainable bioinorganic materials and highlight the promising biomedical and environmental applications of nickel-based natural organic networks.
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